labor systems 1450 to 1750 quizlet
slaves were sold like trade goods. It was based on the holding of land in exchange for service or labor. In addition, forced labor was an important constant . Despite pre-existing Christian views that appose slavery, because of Spains and Great Britians adoption/creation of new slave systems, such as the Mita and Chattel systems, and continuation of pre-existing systems, such as the use of African women as European household workers, European states intensified their use of slavery. The elite and entrepreneurial western Europeans who settled in the Americas sought laborers to cultivate cash crops, mine for precious metals, tend livestock, provide . That status was finally ended in 1827 and all the indentured obtained full freedom. These systems pushed indigenous peoples aside, took their land and resources, and exploited them for European gain. How did the Protestant Reformation impact the social class? Labor system used by the Spanish, used the help of the non-Christian natives for hard manual labor. c. International investments are inherently more risky. The barter economy (exchanging goods or services for other goods or services) changed to a money economy (goods and services paid for with currency). Economic systems were disrupted as trade intensified. Lavina Company is a small business that has separated the duties of cash receipts and cash disbursements. the verb in parentheses. land. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. Unit 2: Networks of Exchange . Definition. Slaves were also introduced to the Americas as Europeans stepped foot into the area. The work of harvesting cash crops and mining silver was labor intensive. King's actually gained power as government became more centralized. For each of these five separate cases, identify the principle(s) of internal control that is violated. Europeans initially attempted to exploit indigenous peoples labor. However, vulnerable populations like the poor sometimes found themselves coerced into signing the contracts. Serfs were obliged to furnish labor services or money payments as the lord saw fit. Spanish. The slave trade and the use trade such as the triangular trade were very common during this time-period due to the rise in plantations, causing a diverse region in South America. The Tang Dynasty was a Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 618 to 907. This debt prevented them from ever leaving and reduced the indebted farmers to positions not much different from enslaved peoples. Their first significant cash crop was sugar cane, which they learned to grow from contact with Muslims in the Mediterranean region during the Crusades. results of this forced labor system. A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. The languages of Spanish and Portuguese became the dominant languages of the region. This is whats known as the. In New Mexico, the encomienda system granted elite Spanish settlers far greater rights in the labor of Pueblo villagers, but the Pueblos retained crucial legal rights. Decline in the power of nomadic groups. If you controlled one of these territories, you were legally allowed to force indigenous people to pay taxes, work for you, or provide other goods or services. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Henry the Navigator, caravel, Bartholomew Dias and more. Below the royals was a second class of the nobility, a small wealthy group that owned most of the land. Slaves Mita Encomienda. After their terms of service ended, most indentured servants stayed in the Americas. honor the empire, usually arrival of coffee in the 1700s and cotton and sugercane impacted the Americas hugely - Both crops requried backbreaking labor to cultivate that led to the rise and expansion oft he Atlantic . New languages developed as a blend of different dialects, such as Creole. They challenged ideas, originally indicted by the Church. Similarly, labor needs in one area can be filled by migration or . 52 terms. Prepare the journal entry for American Food Services at the beginning of the lease on January 1, 2016. Click the card to flip . Was there a faster route going west? Spain, Portugal, and the creation of a global economy (Opens a modal) Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. Study Economic Systems, 1450-1750 flashcards from Jennifer Zhang's class online, or in Brainscape's iPhone or Android app. William and Mary accepted joint powers with parliament and signed the English Bill of Rights. began due to this system. Newly developed colonial economies in the Americas largely depended on agriculture, utilized existing labor systems, including the Incan mita, and introduced new labor systems including chattel slavery, indentured servitude, and encomienda and hacienda systems. . 2. The colonists defeated the Natives after 14 months of bloody rebellion. While these colonies initially grew on Native American labor . This continued into the 20th century. Slave Rebellions and the Civil War were the When was this Europeans would have to wait a few centuries for access to China. In Asia, Muslims were all on top of trade until they gave it away to Europeans. Terms in this set (81) . This kept more money in the bank at any given time. Labor/Economic System. The days' sales in inventory ratio is calculated by dividing cost of goods sold by the average merchandise The system became so oppressive the Spanish officially abolished the system in 1720. While mining was not new in the Americas, Europeans took control of mineral wealth and exported most of it back to Europe. Unit 4: Labor Systems, 1450 - 1750 C. Encomienda Chattel Slavery Russian Serfdom Define the labor system Include the general role/purpose Were there revolts or rebellions associated with it? New crops and livestock changed eating habits and largely increased the global population. The most common destination for slaves was Brazil because sugar was so harsh to cultivate that the lifespan of slaves was extremely short (5-10% of slaves died every year). While indentured servants living conditions were rough, they had some legal protections that prevented them from the worst exploitation and violence in other American forced and slave labor systems. The useful life of the machine was expected to be four years with no residual value. The Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, and Dutch had to find another route in order to remain competitive, so they invested in exploration. The changes in economic policy and increased trade led to innovations in finances, business, and banking. associat Portuguese prince who was responsible for the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with other continents, Portuguese ship that was small but strong. They would kidnap slaves and trade them to Europeans in exchange for wealth and guns, which made local rivalries far more violent. Find the average cost of hiring an exempt, regular employee. Syncretisms happen everywhere, but in the Americas there are quite a few examples. Europeans wanted slaves, and this led to the Atlantic Slave Trade. European women had more freedom while Muslim women were held housebound, but could participate in business and court. While Russia remained an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing base. Without the slave trade, African kingdoms would have continued to strengthen and could have prevented centuries of turmoil in the region. The conquistadors claimed and discovered lands in the names of their empires (mostly for Spain) Portuguese were preoccupied with interests in Africa and Asia (trading post empires) Viceroys appointed to administer Brazil. conquered, the Mita system was 2. Other Quizlet sets. after they realized they were being exploited. sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488, the first European known to have done so. Families were separated and there was a gender imbalance because more men were taken than women. Test. In the Americas, seven-year work contracts were common. The owner of Super Pharmacy uses a check software/printer to prepare checks, making it difficult for anyone to alter the amount of a check. Unit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. Spanish and Portuguese influence spread across politics, economics, and society in the Americas. New syncretic religions emerged that blended native and colonial traditions. New major trade network (Atlantic) Increase in the importance of trade-based wealth vs. land- based wealth. Term. Maritime trade would prove to be far more economically efficient. general Then rewrite each active voice sentence in the passive voice and each passive voice sentence in the active voice. labor system How did issues and tensions emerging from World War I create the anger and violence of $1919$. European chattel slavery stripped enslaved people in the Americas of all rights and viewed them no differently than chattel (a personal possession). Most kidnapped slaves were men, which left a gender imbalance in favor of women, especially in Ghana and Benin. Following the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire in the 15th century, the Potosi mine in modern Bolivia became one of the worlds largest single sources of silver. In 1685, the Catholic King James II ascended to the throne and began enacting anti-Protestant policies. Labor Systems: c. 1450 - c. 1750. Marriage arrangements changed in the social hierarchy. Between 1450 and 1750, the Americas began to mark their place in the world, proving they were just as relevant as Europe, Africa, or Asia. rounded up and shipped off to America and Music was a key factor for survival in many slave communities. Ottoman society was complex. Topic 4.5 The Portuguese controlled some areas on the Indian Ocean network as they strong armed locals, but merchants continued to trade and migrate. Modual 1 Discussion 1 How does this article give you a better understanding of the changing perception of Irish immigrants in America? 5. coercive labor systems in unit 4 - (1450-1750) started during this period, partly because of the clear cut racial differences between africans and the europeans who bought them, slaves came to be viewed as a transferable product (chattel). A contract 2 individuals sign in which one Often times, Han men would side with the Qing and carry out mass murders of Han men refusing to wear the Manchu hairstyle. Relying on overland trade was too slow and you couldnt bring all that many goods with you on a camels back. Indigenous people divided up among Spanish settlers to be Christianized and forced to provide labor for mines and plantations, food production, and textiles. By 1450, Europeans were set on finding a faster route to Asia. Labor systems. Meanwhile, the population of forced laborers increased, further expanding the wealth gap. Often a member of a community of runaway slaves in the West Indies and South America. Include As a result, Europeans turned to the African slave tradethe first enslaved Africans arrived in the Americas in the 16th century. In West Africa, European merchants and missionaries reached inland to the Kongo and Benin. Spanish and Portuguese Empires. Assume that Chapman Company acquired Abernethys common stock for $490,000 in cash. Over time, the Portuguese became more exploitative to expand their powers. Together, they defeated the Portuguese in 1647, but the Dutch retreat from central Africa a year leaving the region vulnerable. Many farmers were in a consistent state of debt to the hacienda owner. 1450-1750. Their technological advancements caused them to emerge as a gunpowder empire with their hands on trade. Frost's investment adviser has recommended an increased international equity exposure. His voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to general European awareness of the American continents, agreement which divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal, Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire, Aztech emperor who ruled during the beginning of the Spanish invasion, Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. European indentured servants continued coming to the Americas until the late 18. Slaves were captured, transported to holding pens (Points of No Return), and then crammed on ships for the. The Columbian Exchange b. Favored Spanish immigrants to the New World forced Native Americans to work . Russian serfs had suffered oppression. Find an answer to your question Explain the continuities and changed in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. maya8122 maya8122 12/16/2019 History Middle School . Evidence of the continued influence of Asian traders included the following: Asian states could limit the access of European merchants to their economies. Attachment. Encomienda and hacienda were quasi (partially) feudal systems imposed by the Spanish on indigenous peoples in the Caribbean and other Spanish-conquered lands in the Americas and the Philippines. When a large number of these investments failed to return profits, many investors went bankrupt which had rippling effects on the economy.